Experts from the German Nutrition Society have stated that iodine is of great importance for health, as the body needs it to produce thyroid hormones, which regulate bone formation and energy metabolism. They explained that symptoms of iodine deficiency include fatigue and an enlarged thyroid gland, while a deficiency during pregnancy, breastfeeding, and early childhood can lead to physical and developmental disorders, as well as a decrease in cognitive performance.
Since the body does not produce iodine itself, it must be obtained through nutrition. Dietary sources of iodine include sea fish, eggs, milk, as well as iodized salt and algae. In cases of severe deficiency, one can turn to iodine supplements, but they should be taken under medical supervision.
The daily amount needed by an adult's body is 150 micrograms, while this amount increases to 220 micrograms for pregnant women and 230 micrograms for breastfeeding women.
The German Nutrition Society pointed out that the maximum safe daily amount of iodine is 500 micrograms to avoid the risks of excessive iodine intake, which include hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism.
Symptoms of hyperthyroidism include weight loss despite an increased appetite, rapid heartbeat and pulse, high blood pressure, sweating and intolerance to heat, as well as irritability, sleep disorders, and insomnia.
Hypothyroidism can be indicated by the following symptoms: an enlarged thyroid gland, a metallic taste in the mouth, increased salivation, digestive problems, and a skin rash or acne.
